首页 论坛 图片 汽车 百科 旅游 美食 诗词 英语 IT资讯 留学 移民 电影 下载 站点地图

您的位置: 英语学习资料大全 >> 首页 >> 英语教学 >> 正文

一些值得注意的不定冠词的用法

  (定西中学 张铃)
    不定冠词是限定词中的一类,是一种虚词,一般用来修饰单数可数名词,但有时也可修饰不可数名词。
    一、类别用法
    1.除表示某一类人或事物外,用在作补足语和同位语的名词之前,泛指某人的职业、阶级等。例如:
    Mr Zhang is considered(to be)an excellent English teacher.
    Wang Ling,amaths teacher,is to give us a lecture tomorrow.
    但如果这一职位在一个时期内只由一个担任或表示称号、头衔时,则不用冠词。例如:
    In 1860,Abraham Lincoln was elected President of the United States.
    2.在名词带有一个描绘性定语时用不定冠词。例如:
    I’m going to borrow’a French novel to read.(描绘性不定式)
    A certain boy saw a big dog run out of the gate last Sunday.(描绘性形容词。常在讲故事时用, 表明讲故事的人心中的具体人,但尚未告诉人们是谁)
    二、指量用法
    1.不定冠词除表示“一个”(I’ll be back in a day or two.)及“每一”(Take the medicine th ree times a day)的意义之外,在“of+a+名词”的结构中,表示“同一”、“相同”之意。例如:
    Comrade Li and I are nearly of an age.老李跟我年龄大致相同。
    My elder brother’s shoes and mine are of a size.我哥哥的鞋跟我的一样大小(一个号)。
    2.a与One同源。但强调数目概念时用“One”,并要重读。例如:
    There’s only'one way to go.
    No'one boy can carry it.
    试比较:
    I have a picture book.(并非强调一本)
    I have'One picture book.(只有一本,没有两本、三本)。
    三、用在不可数名词前,表示有一种特殊含义
    1.用在一些表示动作的名词(reat,walk,look,try,sleep,breath…)之前表示“一次”、“一下”、“ 一会儿”等。例如:
    Let’s have a rest.
    He made a second try.
    After looking round,he decided to have a look upstairs.
    2.表示“一种”、“一类”。例如:
    “You don’t understand,”said Joe,a cruel light shining in hiseyes.“你不懂,”乔说,眼睛里 闪着(一种)凶狠的光。
    As a child,he had to make a living.
    3.表示风、雨等的“一阵”。例如:
    An hour later,he was woken up by a violent knocking on his door.
    That’s why we are most likely to see worms after a heavy rain.
    4.表示“某种程度”。例如:
    China has a population of over one billion.
    A Frenchman had caught a very bad cold.
    He seemed to be in a fever.
    5.表示饮料的“一份”、“一种”。例如:
    Mao-tai is a famous Chinese wine.
    I want a black coffee.
    四、其他用法
    1.常用在quite,few,rather,many,half,such,what等词之后。例如:
    He is rather a fool.
    What a wonderful film you have seen.
    He has been to Lanzhow many a time.(=many times)
    又如:half an hour,quite a big…
    2.常用在so(as,too,how)+形容词之后。例如:
    She is as clever a girl as you wish to meet.
    It’s too difficult a lesson for us to understand.
    We have not had so cold a day as this for many weeks.
    How fine a day it is!